Genevieve Mallet

Talks of the FTA stalled in the past over disagreements regarding palm oil and Indonesia’s export ban on raw nickel. In previous discussions, growing concern over deforestation and environmental degradation linked to palm oil has significantly strained relations between the two powers.

India is building up its domestic solar photovoltaic (PV) manufacturing. With supportive policies, rising domestic demand, and a global push to diversify renewable energy supply chains away from dependence on China, India is working towards solar manufacturing autonomy.

Without a unified approach under the ISA, deep-sea mining risks becoming an unregulated venture, threatening a fragile ecosystem, and releasing stored carbon. The unknown environmental impacts of deep-sea mining require a multilateral approach.