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Moloi’s urban heat struggles mirror those of  2 million, mainly Black households, living in slums across South Africa’s cities. A local study, published in Bloomberg last month, released damning findings that Johannesburg city’s slums (where folks of color live) are 6 degrees Celsius hotter than wealthier suburbs. 

Between June and August 2025, almost 955 million people around the world endured 30 days of dangerous heat due to climate change, according to a report by Climate Central. Spain experienced its hottest summer on record, with 33 days under a heat wave. With this scenario, cities in the Southern Hemisphere are preparing to avoid the worst effects of high temperatures. 

The worst climate drought in 50 years hammered the entire southern Africa region of countries Malawi, South Africa, Zambia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe throughout 2024. The heat dried up crucial riverways and dams that complement thermal coal power stations to produce electricity for millions of homes, factories, and schools.  But in good and bad times, Malawi, like most African nations, faces a series of dilemmas. It doesn't matter much whether they produce lots of clean solar,